Dimensionality of the Turkish Version of the Self-Stigma of Seeking Help Scale: Results from Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses

Self-stigma has a substantial negative impact on help-seeking behaviors across various cultures and countries. A reliable and valid self-stigma of help-seeking measurement is needed to reduce barriers related to pursuing services. This study investigated the factorial validity of the Self-Stigma of Seeking Help Scale (SSOSH) with a sample of Turkish college students. The factor analysis identified a two-factor measurement structure: (a) feeling of inadequacy, and (b) threat to self-confidence. The scales measured the extent that help-seeking can influence individuals’ self-confidence/self-esteem and generate negative feelings and emotions. Female Turkish students had lower self-stigma of help-seeking than male students. Familiarity with health professionals in the Turkish mental health system (i.e., counseling psychologists, psychologists, and psychiatrists) were significantly associated with lower levels of threats of self-confidence related to help-seeking. Participants who had lower self-stigma were more likely to share their problems with a mental health professional. Outreach services to increase students’ knowledge about mental health professionals and services to reduce stigma are discussed.